STUDY TASK 4 - triangulation

Triangulation on the subject of the Riot Grrrl movement

A number of authors have considered how the Riot Grrrl movement has created a platform for women, contributing greatly to the ‘third wave’ of feminism. The band Bikini Kill were at the heart of the movement, with their radical feminist lyrics and their hate for mainstream media. McIntosh (2010), D’Angelica (2009) and Carlip (1995) have all commented upon the fact that gender balance has improved since the creation of Riot Grrrl, continuing to ‘exert an iconic, nearly timeless influence’. For instance, McIntosh writing in her account of what exactly happened to the legacy of Riot Grrrl, describes how those that were at the centre of the feminist-punk movement have continued to keep the integrity of the group, explaining that the very existence of a women’s punk movement was groundbreaking in itself. She exclaimed that many are “continuing their involvement in a scene they so fiercely fought to be present in, and it was a fight that resulted in lots of positive changes.” (McIntosh, 2010) From this, McIntosh states that Riot Grrrl’s positive influence motivated female musicians, making them aware that they were capable of getting involved, describing them as a “revolutionary force for creatively-inclined women.” (McIntosh, 2010) For example, the DIY culture of the movement shaped individuals lives whilst it was in motion, with great influence on pop culture today. This “lady-powered” DIY movement pushed gender barriers within music, helping lay foundations for a new generation of craft revolution. Bikini Kill, a zine started in 1990 by Tobi Vail, focused on punk rock, politics, feminist issues and music. It was crucial in initiating the movement, and it was here they first issued their manifesto. The cut and paste format allowed for quick and efficient circulation of ideas and beliefs that could become widespread. It was also reflective of the punk rock aesthetic, with the use of safety pinks and crafting. It soon became a type of subcultural space that allowed for the transgression of gender and sexual hegemony.